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Problems in the Qur'an

Course Description: This course addresses the scientific and practical foundations of dealing with problematic verses in the Qur'an, including their concept, causes, types, methods of resolution, and the principles of preference adopted in their treatment. It also aims to develop students' skills in addressing issues of ambiguous verses, verses that appear contradictory, and apparent discrepancies, following a sound scientific methodology.

Credit hours: 4

Objectives of the course :

That the researcher employs the rules of weighting in addressing problematic Quranic issues, and possesses advanced practical skills in analyzing and refuting various types of challenges according to the scientific method.

Course outputs :

Knowledge and understanding:
1- To demonstrate a deep knowledge and precise understanding of the concept of "mushkil" (problematic or ambiguous passages) in the Quran and its types.
To expertly interpret the reasons for apparent contradictions in the Quran, explain methods for dealing with them, and ways to resolve them.
Skills:
To apply scientific research methodologies and advanced skills in preparing specialized research on Quranic problems.
2- To compare interpretive sayings in explaining the problematic and directing it, according to considered interpretive rules.
3. To evaluate the works on the problematic aspects of the Quran in terms of their methodologies in addressing these issues, in light of the rules of preference.
Values, autonomy and responsibility:
To practice teamwork effectively and contribute positively to team leadership.
2. Commit to the ethics of scientific research and scientific integrity, and promote the values of national identity in their research topics.
3. To make scientific decisions based on established knowledge, according to disciplined methodological principles.

Additional information:

Course Topics:
The Problem of Interpreting the Qur'anic Text: A Historical Study.
The meaning of "mushkil" and related terms.
Types of problems in the Quran.
Reasons for encountering ambiguities in the Quran.
Ways to resolve ambiguities in Quranic verses.
Rules of Interpretation and Preference, and Their Impact on Resolving Ambiguity
Authorship in the Difficult Passages of the Quran, with a Theoretical and Applied Study of Ibn Qutaybah's Methodology.
Study of sample problematic verses, which are:
The disconnected letters at the beginning of the Surahs.
2) «And they followed what the devils had recited...» [Al-Baqarah: 102]
3) «Those messengers — We have favored some of them over others.» [Al-Baqarah: 253]
4) «And those of you who are taken in death and leave wives behind, they should bequeath to their wives a provision for a year without charge...» [Al-Baqarah: 240]
And believe not except in those who follow your religion. Say, «Indeed, the [true] guidance is the guidance of Allah. [It is opposed to] that anyone should be given...» [Al-'Imran: 73]
6) «... and wipe your heads and your feet to the ankles...» [Al-Ma'idah: 6]
7) «O you who have believed, when one of you is visited by death, [the time of] the bequest is between you...» [Al-Ma'idah: 106-107]
8) «And when the night covered him, he saw a star...» [Al-An'am: 76 et seq.]
9) «...But when He gave them a righteous child, they attributed partners [to Him]...» [Al-A'raf: 189-190]
10) «And she desired him, and he desired her...» [Yusuf: 24]
Indeed, the Hour is coming. I almost conceal it, so that every soul will be recompensed for what it strives for... [Ta-Ha: 63]
12) Reading: «Indeed, these two are magicians...» [Taha: 63]
13) «...and he thought that We would not overpower him...» [The Prophets: 87]
14) «And We did not send before you any messenger or prophet except when he wished...» [Al-Hajj: 52]
(15) «The fornicator marries not but a fornicatress or one who joins others in worship to Allah.» [An-Nur: 3]
«...in a day the length of which is a thousand years of what you count.» [As-Sajdah: 5]
And a sign for them is that We carried their offspring in the laden ship.
18) «Say, »Do you deny the One who created the earth in two days...?'" [Fussilat: 9]
19) «Say, »If the Most Merciful has a son, then I am the first of the worshippers.'" [Az-Zukhruf: 81]
20) «So on that Day, no person will be asked about his sin, nor will any jinn.» [Ar-Rahman: 39]

Last updated: 2026-04-27