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Hadith Narration and Study of the Chains of Transmission in Tafsir

Course Description: This course covers the science of Hadith authentication, its origins and importance, its types, its most important books, sources of authentication, the roles of the authenticator, their skills, modern Hadith programs, and the theoretical and practical study of chains of narration.
Credits: 2
Objectives of the course :

The student should apply the modern hadith rules and methodologies known to hadith scholars in the derivation and study of the chains of transmission of tafsir, and in judging them, using works specific to this field and electronic encyclopedias.

Course outputs :

Knowledge and understanding:
أن يبين مبادئ طرق التخريج وقواعد دراسة الأسانيد في التفسير، والحكم عليها.
أن يوضّح القضايا القرآنية المرتبطة بالمرويات التفسيرية، وأثرها على المعنى التفسيري.
Skills:
أن يطبّق أساليب البحث العلمي والمهارات التقنية في التخريج ودراسة الأسانيد التفسيرية.
أن يقارن بين الأسانيد التفسيرية، وآراء العلماء في الحكم عليها.
أن يقوّم مناهج أهل التفسير في التعامل مع المرويات التفسيرية.
Values, autonomy and responsibility:
أن يلتزم بآداب الحوار وأخلاقيات الباحث والأمانة العلمية في أبحاثه.
أن يتحلّى بالاستقلالية في الجانب المهني والبحثي، متحمّلاً المسؤولية كاملة عن عمله.
أن يصدر أحكاماً وقرارات عادلة وسليمة، مبنية على اطلاع، وقائمة على مبادئ ثابتة.

Additional information:

Course Topics:
First: Graduation.
A. Introduction to the science of hadith authentication, including:
1. Definition of Takhrij and Ilm al-Takhrij, and the difference between them.
2. The Origins of Hadith Authentication and Verification, its Importance, Outcomes, and Benefits.
3. Types of Tahrij (Concise, Medium, and Expanded) with Examples and When a Researcher Should Use Each.
4. Hadith Authentication Books: Their meaning, types, and characteristics (authentication of hadith in books of tafsir, hadith, sira, aqidah, fiqh, usul al-fiqh, suluk and akhlaq, language, and others).
b- Sources of expenditure, including:
1. Primary sources: definition, representation, and citation formats.
2. Alternative sources: their definition, representation, and attribution formats.
3. Sub-sources: Definition, representation, and citation formats.
c. The director's functions, which include:
1. Distinguishing between Hadith Marfu', Mawquf, and Maqtu'.
2. Identifying the hadith to be authenticated and distinguishing it from similar ones in the source from which it is extracted, and differentiating between a supporting chain (mutaba'ah) and a corroborating chain (shahid).
3. Attributing Hadiths to their sources and the terminology used for this.
4. Formulating the derivation according to technical terms and comparing the wording of the texts.
D. Introduction to the most prominent hadith programs, explanation of their features and drawbacks, with a focus on the hadith services available within them, including practical application.
E. Means of accessing graduation sources, via books and computer programs:
Accessing the sources of graduation by knowing the senior narrator of the hadith.
2- Accessing hadith sources through a hadith wording.
3- Accessing the sources of hadith authentication through knowledge of the primary hadith texts.
4- Accessing Hadith authentication sources through the Hadith topic.
5- Accessing the sources of the authentication of a hadith through a characteristic related to the hadith, whether in its chain of narration or its content.
Second: Studying the chains of narration (Isnad):
Theoretical Section:
A- Introduction to the study of isnads, including:
1- The meaning of the science of “Isnads study” and its connection to other specialized sciences: such as the science of Hadith, Jarh wa Ta'deel (criticism and authentication of narrators), 'Ilal (defects in Hadith), Takhreej (verification of Hadith), and the methodologies of Hadith scholars.
2- Understanding the topics that become more necessary when studying isnad, such as: types of discontinuity, modes of transmission, ambiguous narration (tadlis), sending (mursal), ranks of weakening and strengthening Hadith narrators, and rules for dealing with conflicting weakening and strengthening of Hadith narrators.
3. Scientific controls that must be considered when studying and judging isnad.
B. Men of knowledge:
1- His upbringing, the reasons for his emergence, his importance, and his stages.
2. Books of Jarh and Ta'deel (Criticism and Verification): Their Types and Divisions.
3. Books of the Murdalis and the Munqati', with their meanings and examples.
4-Mixed Books: Their Meaning and Examples.
c. Identifying the stages of attribution study:
1- Identifying and distinguishing the narrator through men's books and other distinction methods.
2- Determining the narrator's status in terms of criticism and authentication, and clarifying the condition of those who are disputed.
3. Verifying attribution, and related skills.
4- Preliminary description of attribution, and appropriate formulas expressing the results of previous stages.
5. Verifying the authenticity of a hadith by checking for anomalies or defects that would invalidate it, by considering other narrations of the hadith and consulting the rulings of scholars.
6- Gathering Evidence for Hadith.
7. Judging a hadith after considering its corroborations, supporting narrations, and the scholars' opinions on it.
(2) Practical Section:
– Practical application of the stages of hadith chain study to a number of hadiths.
Third: Studying the most important sources of interpretation
A - Introduction to the Differences Between Criticism, Narrative, and Work.
B. Studying some of the chains of transmission for Tafsir from the Companions: (such as Abdullah Ibn Abbas, Abdullah Ibn Mas'ud, Ali Ibn Abi Talib, Ubay Ibn Ka'b, Zayd Ibn Thabit, and Abu Musa Al-Ash'ari), and some of the chains of transmission for Tafsir from the Successors, (such as Sa'id Ibn Al-Musayyab, Mujahid Ibn Jabr, Ata Ibn Abi Rabah, Ikrimah, the freed slave of Ibn Abbas, Zayd Ibn Aslam, Abu Al-Aliyah Rufay' Ibn Mihran, Muhammad Ibn Ka'b Al-Qurazi, Masruq, Al-Hasan Al-Basri, Tawus, Al-Sha'bi, Qatadah, and Ata Al-Khorasani), with consideration given to the extent to which a weak chain of transmission affects the acceptance of the Tafsir.

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