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Comparison of narratives

Course Description: In this course, students will learn about the importance of comparing narrations, understanding key terminology for comparison, rulings on uniqueness, reasons for narrator divergence, methods and indicators of weighting, and the issue of strengthening with follow-ups and corroborations.

Credit hours: 3

Objectives of the course :

To equip students with the skill of verifying the uniqueness of a hadith's narration, examining its acceptance or rejection, and addressing discrepancies between hadith narrations, according to the methodology of the hadith critics.

Course outputs :

Knowledge and understanding:
Defines the terms used by the imams of criticism in comparing narrations and the differences between them.
2- Describes the means and tools used by the imams of critique to verify singularity and compare narrations.
3. Details the methodologies for addressing discrepancies found between narrations according to the methodology of the hadith scholars.
Skills:
Applies hadith authentication skills using different scientific methods, mastering the distinctions between them.
2- Proficient in verifying the uniqueness of narrators according to the methodology of criticismImams.
3. Compare narrations, addressing their differences scientifically, following the methodology of Imams of criticism.
4- Employs scientific research skills in preparing modern research using advanced technical methods.
Values, autonomy and responsibility:
Adheres to professional and academic ethical practices in his/her communication with colleagues and professors.
2- Handles the electronic information network with the ethics of a responsible citizen.
3. Uses university and scientific institution digital library resources with integrity and academic honesty.

Additional information:

Course Topics:
Introduction to Hadith Comparison
A. The meaning of comparing narrations and their purpose.
B. The importance of comparing narrations of a single hadith, in chain of narration and text, and mentioning some of what the critics have said about it.
C. Conditions for attributing a Hadith after gathering its chains of narration and comparing them (Uniqueness, Agreement of narrators in text and chain, Disagreement of narrators in text or chain or both).
D - Important Terms (Orbit, Follow-up, Witness, Difference, Uniqueness).
The narrator's uniqueness in the narration, and its rulings:
Examples of individuality
B. The Imams' Stance on the Uniqueness of a Narrator and the Stance of Others.
C. General criteria for accepting or rejecting uniqueness.
Differences among narrators in a single hadith:
A. Reasons for differences among narrators
B. Examples of variation among narrators in the chain of narration and the text.
C- Multiple differences in one layer or in layers.
D. The work of the Imams of Criticism on the differences of narrators, and the clarification of their methodology and the methodology of their opponents.
H - Clues for considering differences in narrations:
● Clues in the disputed orbit.
● Clues in different narrators.
● Signs of differences.
Orbital overlay weighting.
And-Miscellaneous Issues in Considering Disagreement:
Weighing by common denominator.
● Paths to Face Narrators.
● The convergence of clues on one person.
Conflict of evidence.
Weighing by common denominator.
Partial relative weighting, and final weighting.
Weighing and final correction.
Critics' opinions on the disagreement
The researcher's position on it.
Critics' disagreement in balancing and consideration.
Tension and support through other methods of speech and its controls.
Considering the witnesses of the hadith, their impact on it, and the guidelines for strengthening it.

Last updated: 2026-06-07