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Interpretation of texts

Course Description: This course includes the definition of interpretation of texts, knowledge of the types of word meanings in terms of generality, represented by the general, specific, absolute, and restricted. It covers the knowledge of explicit statements (manṭūq) and implicit meanings (mafhum) and their divisions and issues. It also covers the divisions of words based on methods of implication: the explicit statement (manṭūq), its reality, and its divisions; the implicit meaning (mafhum), its reality, and its divisions; and the legal validity of each type. .

Credit hours: 3

Objectives of the course :

By the end of this course, the student will be able to: Understand the types of lexical meanings according to requests, including commands and prohibitions. Understand the types of lexical meanings according to scope, represented by the general, specific, absolute, and restricted. Understand explicit and implicit meanings, their divisions, and their issues. Understand clear and obscure meanings according to the majority and the Hanafis, and the jurisprudential differences resulting from the division. Understand particles of meaning and their issues. Understand contradiction, preference, methods of resolving contradiction, and preference criteria. Be able to differentiate between the meanings of command and prohibition formulations. Be able to understand the specifiers of general terms and the restrictors of absolute terms and apply them in religious texts. Be able to distinguish between explicit and implicit meanings. Be able to understand the types of lexical meanings and differentiate between them. Be able to understand religious texts by analyzing the words and meanings within them. Be able to analyze, deduce, and infer.

Course outputs :

Knowledge and understanding:
1- Understanding the types of word meaning with respect to the demand, and what it includes of commands and prohibitions.
2. Understanding the types of lexical meaning considering comprehensiveness, represented by the general, specific, absolute, and restricted.
3. Knowing spoken language and concepts, their divisions, and their issues.
4. The concept of clear and unclear indications according to the public and the Hanafi school of thought, and the legal differences that arose from the division.
5. Knowing contradiction, its resolution, methods of resolving contradictions, and the means of preference.
Skills:
1- The ability to differentiate between the meanings of imperative and prohibitive forms.
2. The ability to understand the specificities of the general and the restrictions of the absolute, and to apply that in religious texts.
3. The ability to distinguish between the connotations of the spoken word and the concept.
Ability to know the meanings of words and distinguish between them.
5. The ability to understand religious texts by analyzing the wording and implications of the texts.
Values, autonomy and responsibility:
Discuss with colleagues the types and divisions of legal ruling.
2- Inquires about the types of positive law.

Additional information:

Course Topics:
Lexical Meanings: Divisions of Words Based on Demand 1- The Imperative: Its reality, its forms, and its ways of use, the implication of the imperative for obligation, the ruling on the imperative after prohibition.
The necessity of immediacy, the necessity of repetition, is an order for something a prohibition of its opposite. .
Prohibition: Its Reality, Formulation, and Implications of Prohibition for Invalidity and Illegitimacy. .
Sections of Terms Based on Scope 1- General, its reality, semantic generality, and its types, generality of the term and specificity of the reason, generality of necessity. .
Special, its reality, and its issues, connected and disconnected appropriations. .
Absolute and Restricted: Their Reality and Conditions. .
Third: Divisions of words based on methods of indication 1. The spoken word, its reality and divisions. .
The concept, its reality, its divisions, the validity of each division. .
Categories of words based on the clarity of their meaning. A. According to the الجمهور (majority/public): 1. Al-Nass (Explicit) 2. Al-Zahir (Apparent/Manifest) 3. Al-Mujmal (Ambiguous/Vague) .
B- At the faucet: 1. Clearly indicative.
Subtle meaning.
Fifth: Particles of Meaning, their Importance, and their Impact on Deriving Rulings. .
Sixth: Contradiction and Preference 1. Definition of Contradiction and the Scholars' Approaches to Resolving It.
The meaning of Tarjih and its legitimacy. .
Aspects of weighting and its divisions .

Last update: 2026-05-18