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Course Description: This course includes an introduction to the science of Sharia objectives (Maqasid al-Sharia), the theory of objectives according to Al-Shatibi and its types, the principles of the science of Sharia objectives, and the reasoning of Sharia for its rulings. It also covers methods of knowing the objectives of the Lawgiver and the ranks of Sharia objectives (necessities, needs, and embellishments).
Credits: 2
Objectives of the course :

By the end of this course, students will be able to:
a. Knowledge of the science of Maqasid al-Shari'ah, its importance, benefits, and its role in understanding Islamic texts.
b. Analyze the most important Sharia objectives and their examples, and their contemporary applications.
c. Acquires skills in dealing with and preserving Maqasid al-Shari'ah (the objectives of Islamic law).

Course outputs :

Knowledge and understanding:
1- The science of Maqasid al-Shari'ah is defined.
2- Define Al-Shatibi's theory of Maqasid and mention its types.
3- Summarizes the origins of the science of Maqasid al-Shari'ah and its most important works.
4- It defines the intended hierarchy of interests for legislation.
Skills:
1- Explains the connection of purposes to Islamic sciences.
2- The narrator discusses their intention in assigning the task.
Distinguish between specific objectives and partial objectives.
Distinguish between necessary, hajji (subsidiary/supplementary), and tahsini (enhancement/beautifying) objectives.
Values, autonomy and responsibility:
1- Discuss with colleagues about removing embarrassment and making things easier for the nation.
2- A working group shall be formed to analyze the relationship between objectives (maqasid) and the sources of legislation: the Quran and Sunnah, consensus (ijma'), analogical reasoning (qiyas), juristic preference (istihsan), blocking the means (sadd al-dhara'i), ijtihad (independent reasoning), and the reasoning behind legal texts, and its relationship to public interest (maslaha).

Additional information:

Course Topics:
Introduction to the Science of Islamic Legal Objectives: The Reality of the Objectives of Sharia. The Emergence of the Science of Islamic Legal Objectives, Its Development, and Important Works in It.
Benefits of knowing the Maqasid al-Shari'ah and their importance. Evidence for establishing the Maqasid al-Shari'ah. .
The principles of the science of Sharia objectives, the reasoning behind Sharia rulings. Methods of knowing the objectives of the Lawgiver (text, context, rationales of legal rulings, the Lawgiver's silence when the condition for statement exists, induction).
The Ranks of Maqasid al-Shari'ah (Necessities, Needs, and Embellishments). Explanation of each rank, providing examples and their complements. Explanation of the Five Necessities, their order, and the Shari'ah means to preserve them. .
The return of the intents of Islamic law to bringing about and achieving benefits, and warding off and reducing harms, benefits and harms, and balancing them when they conflict.
The legislator's intention in legislation, and the discussion of hardship in legislation, and that the legislator does not intend it. Divisions of intentions into general and specific, and into primary and secondary.
The states of the accountable person's actions and their intentions in relation to the intentions of the Lawgiver.
The most important general Sharia objectives: achieving worship of Allah alone, and freeing the servant from the circle of his desires and lusts. .
Making all religion exclusively for God, and what He has ordained to achieve that through enjoining good, forbidding evil, striving, and calling [to Islam].
Establishing justice on Earth and removing oppression, preventing corruption and harm.
Applications of General, Specific, and Partial Objectives in Jurisprudence.
Removing hardship and making things easier for the community, achieving brotherhood and equality among Muslims. .
The meeting and renouncing division and differences, distinguishing Muslims from infidels.
Here are examples of the objectives of Islamic law in some of its chapters: (Acts of Worship, Transactions, Family Law, Punishments, Judiciary, and Testimonies). .

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