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Disagreement and debate

Course Description: The course covers the definition of disagreement and its etiquette, its causes, and examples. It also includes the definition of debates, their etiquette, and benefits, with examples of debates from ancient and modern times. .

Credits: 2

Prerequisites: ISF 140

Objectives of the course :

a. The student will become familiar with disagreement and debate, and their etiquette.
b. The student will identify the causes of disagreement.
c. The student will learn how to deal with scholarly differences of opinion.
D. The student will become familiar with examples of disputes and debates, both ancient and modern. .

Course outputs :

Knowledge and understanding:
1. The student should recognize disagreement, its subject matter, and the wisdom behind it.
2- The student enumerates the causes of dispute.
3. The student reviews the definition, rules, and Islamic ruling on debates.
Skills:
The student distinguishes between types of disagreement.
2- The student will explain the reasons for valid and invalid disagreement.
3. The student will be able to distinguish between different types of debates and how to manage them.
Values, autonomy and responsibility:
The student's ability to take responsibility for their own learning.
2- The student masters dealing with scholarly differences.
3. The student will learn about the efforts of scholars in the service of science and religion.

Additional information:

Course Topics:
First: The reality of disagreement, its etiquette, and its rulings
1 – The meaning of disagreement, and its relationship to similar terms.
2 - What is meant by the etiquette of disagreement.
3. Types of Differences based on Multiple Considerations.
4 - Differentiating between permissible and reprehensible disagreement.
5 – Differentiating between points of disagreement and agreement.
Reasons for disagreement, with a detailed explanation of their types.
The ruling on disagreement and its wisdom.
Provisions for Denying Those Who Oppose.
Etiquette of Disagreement Among Disputants and the Stance on the Disagreement of the Ignorant
Consideration of Differences: Its Reality, Types, and Impact.
Steps for researching controversial issues.
The most prominent works in the science of Ikhtilaf (scholarly disagreement).
Examples of the differences among the Companions, and those who came after them from the Salaf, and the schools of thought.
Second: The reality of debate, and its etiquette.
1 - Definition of Debate and its relationship to similar terms.
2 - Pillars of Debate and the Conditions for Each Pillar.
3 – The Genesis of Debates.
The religious ruling on debates.
The benefits of debates.
Etiquette.
– Stages of the debate.
Debate rules.
Examples of debates among scholars, past and present.

Last updated: 2026-04-27