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Expectations (1)

Course Description: - Principles of Fara'id (Islamic Inheritance Law) and the foundations of inheritance in Islam. - The reality of inheritance and the clarification of heirs. - Prescribed shares (Furood-e-Muqaddarah), their rightful owners, and the conditions for inheriting them. - The reality of Asabah (agnatic relatives who inherit the remainder), and their rulings. - The meaning of Hijab (exclusion from inheritance), and its rulings. - The inheritance of siblings with the paternal grandfather and related rulings. - The meaning of calculating inheritance, its subject matter, establishing the root (Ta'seel), excesses (Awl), and correction (Taseeh).

Credit hours: 3

Objectives of the course :

Upon completion of the course, the student will be able to:
• Clarification of Fara'id concepts and terms; such as Fard, Ta'sib, Hajb, Ta'sil, 'Awal, and correction.
• Mention the rulings of inheritance, the pillars, conditions, and impediments of inheritance, the fixed inheritors (ashabul furud), residuary heirs (al-ta'sib), and the impediments of inheritance (al-hajb) in detail with evidence. .
• Developing a student's jurisprudential competence to enable them to understand the rulings of inheritance, derive them, and apply them to actual cases.
• Adhering to etiquette and skills in dealing with those who disagree on controversial issues.
Utilizing modern technology to access information for course-related matters.

Course outputs :

Knowledge and understanding:
The student will learn the concepts and terminology of Faraid, such as Fard (obligatory share), Ta'sib (residuary inheritance), Mahjub (deprived heir), Asl al-Maseelah (root of the issue), 'Aul (increase in shares), and Tashih (correction of shares).
2- The student should mention the proofs of inheritance by obligatory share (fard), by agnatic relation (ta'sib), the methods of inferring them, and their conditions.
3. To describe the scientific research methodology for studying jurisprudential issues in obligatory acts of worship.
4. To explain the evidence for the rulings of Islamic inheritance from the Quran and Sunnah, according to the scientific methodology of commentators and hadith scholars.
Skills:
1- To apply methods of deduction and text interpretation in establishing and understanding evidence, and in matters of inheritance, using modern technological applications.
2. To use arithmetic and numerical skills to establish and correct hypothetical problems.
3. To apply the jurisprudential rulings of inheritance to actual cases.
Values, autonomy and responsibility:
- To be characterized by Islamic morals, social, professional, and academic values, and the etiquette of disagreement.
2 - Bear the assigned responsibility professionally and independently.
3- Work collaboratively and effectively as a team.

Additional information:

Course Topics:
Principles of Fara'id (Inheritance Law), Inheritance Before Islam, Foundations of Islamic Inheritance, Its Merits, The Wisdom of Islamic Legislation in the Lawfulness of Inheritance and its Social Impact, Refuting Doubts Raised About Inheritance, Definition of Estate and Related Rights, and Their Order of Priority. .
Inheritance: Its meaning, pillars, and conditions. Agreed-upon and disputed causes of inheritance. Obstacles to inheritance: their meaning, classifications, and rulings. The extent to which killing in car accidents is considered an obstacle to inheritance. Male heirs, female heirs, and who inherits when they are present together. Types of inheritance and classifications of heirs accordingly.
The meaning of fixed shares (furud), fixed shares in general, and the number of their recipients. Heirs entitled to one-half, conditions for their inheritance, with evidence. Applications on the availability and exclusivity of conditions for those entitled to one-half. Heirs entitled to one-quarter, conditions for their inheritance, with evidence. Applications on the availability and absence of conditions for those entitled to one-quarter. Who is entitled to one-eighth, and the condition for their inheritance, with evidence. Applications on the availability and absence of conditions for those entitled to one-eighth. Heirs entitled to two-thirds, conditions for their inheritance, with evidence. Applications on the availability and absence of conditions for those entitled to two-thirds. Heirs entitled to one-third, conditions for their inheritance, with evidence, and the rulings of the two *Umariyya* problems. Rulings specific to children of the mother (*akhawatu li al-umm*). Heirs entitled to one-sixth, conditions for their inheritance, with evidence. The rule concerning the inheriting grandmother and the non-inheriting grandmother. Rulings on the inheritance of grandmothers. Applications on the availability and absence of conditions for those entitled to one-sixth. Applications on the availability and absence of conditions for all recipients of fixed shares collectively.
The meaning of "Asabah," who is meant by "Asabah," and their divisions. Asabah by oneself, their ruling and the reason for their designation. Asabah by others, their proof, and the reason for their designation. Asabah by others, their proof, and the reason for their designation. Asabah with others, and scholars' differing opinions on them. Rulings of Asabah with evidence, and scholars' doctrines regarding the categories of Asabah by oneself, and how inheritance is distributed when there are two or more Asabah. Asabah by cause and their rulings. Applications to Asabah.
The meaning of disqualification and its importance, and its types. The rules on which disqualification by deprivation is based, and the categories of heirs concerning disqualification by deprivation. The common problem, and its relation to agnatic and disqualification. Applications on disqualification.
The meaning of grandfather and brothers, and the scholars' opinions on inheriting brothers with the grandfather. The Akdariya problem, and how to divide it. Applications on grandfather and brothers problems.
The meaning of calculation according to the two scholars (a term used for two prominent Islamic jurists in inheritance law, likely Abu Hanifa and the majority opinion), its subject matter, the four ratios and their substitutes from other computational methods, how to use them and their applications, practical examples of using the four ratios, "Al-Ta'seel" (determination of the root number for division): its meaning and method, agreed-upon and disputed roots, and what they include in terms of cases and scenarios, practical examples of "Al-Ta'seel," the meaning of "Al-Tasheeh" (correction), "Al-Musah" (the corrected number), "Al-Inkisar" (broken shares), "Al-Inqisam" (division), "Al-Fareeq" (group), "Al-Ro'oos" (heads/individuals), and "Juz' al-Sahm" (share fraction) in correction, types of correction and their methods and forms, the ratios used to compare shares and heads, and the ratios used to compare established numbers of heads among themselves, how to perform correction when the breakdown affects one group, and how to perform it when it affects more than one group, practical examples of correction.

Last updated: 2026-06-04